a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because

Form scaffold-inspection-report-tube-fitting-scaffolds, Construction safety pocket guide osha3252, Why osha scaffold safety training matters scaffold dos and donts, Construction Safety Training_Session 05_Access Equipment and Fall Protection, Safety practice ( SWEDISH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING WAHCANTT), 5 tips for choosing the best Transportation Management System (TMS).pdf, Tetrahydrocurcumin vs Curcumin What Are The Differences.pdf, 5 Tips on Tenant Referencing for a Speedy Process.pdf, Target And Clinical Trial Progress of ADC In prostate Cancer.pdf, NewBase 02 March -2023 Energy News issue - 1598 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf, SEAI Business Decarbonisation Supports SSRH and EXEED Schemes launch, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Provide guards on power tools and other equipment with moving parts. Fasten all couplers and/or connections securely before assembling the next level . Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. Place the planks. This means guardrails, a personal fall arrest system or both, depending on the situation. 15% c. 20% d. 25% Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Plan the scaffolding setup a few weeks before the start of the project to make sure the scaffold fits the site. e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. Engineering and Administrative Controls. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. job, and he shouldhis life depends on it. Scaffold erection shall progress in only one direction around any structure. Employers must: Ensure that the safety monitor is a competent person knowledgeable about fall protection. "Two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds (swing stages)." Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. Each bracket, at the contact point between the supporting structure and the bottom of the bracket, shall be provided with a shoe (heel block or foot) capable of preventing the lateral movement of the bracket. If uplift could cause the components to separate, locking pins must be used and the components secured. DO NOT ABUSE OR MISUSE THE SCAFFOLD EQUIPMENT. Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. A thorough understanding of all aspects of a. Subscripts in the reactants must be conserved in the products. "Multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, stonesetters' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". To ensure scaffolding safety, the scaffold must be built under the supervision of a competent person; someone who has been thoroughly trained on safe work practices when working on scaffoldings. A. Scaffold base must be set on base plates and an adequate sill or pad to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed therto wher required. a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. Faults: Damaged. The support connection shall be arranged so as to prevent the needle beam from rolling or becoming displaced. The use of safe lifting postures and timing Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Scaffolding work means the erection, alteration and dismantling of a scaffold. Do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold unless under the supervision of a competent person. Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. All ladders used in conjunction with step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds shall meet the pertinent requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support such scaffolds. work on scaffolds frequently. Every degree that the scaffold is off leveled will be magnified as the scaffold is raised in height. True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job are allowed on the platform. (7) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and the outside posts . Personal Fall Arrest System. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . Many precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence. Insufficient length. If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: A. a. Diagonal bracing in both directions shall be installed across the entire outside face of all double- and single-pole scaffolds. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk. When the pump jack has to pass bracing already installed, an additional brace shall be installed approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) above the brace to be passed, and shall be left in place until the pump jack has been moved and the original brace reinstalled. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. Electric shock occurs when: A. Do not sell or share my personal information. Power systems used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be designed for such use. The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace. You do not have access to www.concreteconstruction.net. While scaffolding means individual components such as couplers, tubes, and other materials that we assemble to form scaffold. which of the following statements is false? The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. ", "Step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds. In 1996, when OSHA issued the revised Scaffold Standard and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. Ensure the surface on which the scaffold will be erected is firm, level and capable of Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. When erected and used properly, it serves its function well. Scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, to prevent racking or collapse of the scaffold and to secure vertical members together laterally so as to automatically square and align the vertical members. Your lines should be perfectly vertical (plumb) and horizontal (level), and your corners should be exactly 90 degrees (square). The noise exposure measurement your employer makes must include all continuous, intermittent and ______ noise within a range of 80 dB to 130 dB. each of the hazards. Powder-actuated tools are extremely dangerous, with a firing mechanism similar to that of: If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should: Wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing again. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so that workers have a safe, stable platform on which to work when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. OSHA promulgated the Final Rule for Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training [29 CFR 1910.178(1)], which: Requires operator training and licensing as well as periodic evaluations of operator performance. Introduction 3. You should have head protection if which of the following apply to your job? Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). aluminum, or less commonly, wood. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. If bridges are not used, passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height and are abutting. Find a more appropriate tool that doesnt cause debris to fly Baker scaffolds are featured in a range of forensic investigations involving worker falls, tip-over incidents, and structural collapses on construction work sites. 9. Knowing 1926.452 (c) (4) Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. When platforms are being moved to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new bearers have been set in place and braced, prior to receiving the new platforms. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Scaffolds shall be plumb, level, and squared. Employees working in the vicinity of a crane must take care to avoid what kind of accident? Platforms shall not extend outward beyond the base supports of the scaffold unless outrigger frames or equivalent devices are used to ensure stability. Most fatalities, however, happen when workers fall from: Employers must ensure that all walking and working surfaces have the structural integrity to: Controlled access zones serve a dual purpose they allow specially trained individuals (such as masons) to operate without traditional fall protection within a certain area, and: A system used to arrest a worker in a fall from a working level that consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these is called a: When no other alternative fall protection has been implemented, the employer shall implement a safety monitoring system. Frequently used types of scaffolds include the Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with design and loading requirements for pole scaffolds under 60 feet in height. Bracing shall be installed as close as possible to the intersection of the bearer and post or runner and post. If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Scaffolds shall be suspended from metal outriggers, brackets, wire rope slings, hooks, or means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). Audiometric testing monitors an employees hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. Scaffold components. When two or more scaffolds are used they shall not be bridged one to another unless they are designed to be bridged, the bridge connections are articulated, and the hoists are properly sized. Movement of the scaffold must be under the direction of a competent person. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor. Fixed Scaffolding Erection Scaffold must be erected, moved, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of qualied persons. Guard or securely cover all holes created or uncovered before leaving a work area Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. Just a few example you can find fast on the interwebs, NFI . You can read the details below. 6. Make sure a proper access is provided. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. On straight run scaffolds, longitudinal bracing across the inner and outer rows of posts shall be installed diagonally in both directions, and shall extend from the base of the end posts upward to the top of the scaffold at approximately a 45 degree angle. Always use . Non-cross-laminated wood boatswains' chairs shall be reinforced on their underside by cleats securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting. U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. Before a scaffold is moved, each employee on the scaffold shall be made aware of the move. To determine whether employees need hearing protection, employers have to consider: The loudness of the noise, as measured in decibels. Where leveling of the scaffold is necessary, screw jacks or equivalent means shall be used. One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them is a/n ______________: Providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated is the responsibility of the: To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should not only avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, but also a worker should avoid: Performing maintenance or adjustment on equipment/machinery that hasnt been locked-out. An employee may wear stilts on a scaffold only if it is a large area scaffold. Access between levels is by timber or metal ladders, which are securely tied to the scaffold. Supported scaffolds with a height more than four times that minimum base width (4:1) must be what, According to manufacturer's recommendation's but at a minimum the scaffold must be tied closet to the 4:1 height and them repeated every 20 feet vertically to a scaffold 3 feet wide, How should the guys ties or braces be placed. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. When horses are arranged in tiers, the legs of each horse shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. (w) of appendix A to this subpart; "Stilts." Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, or moved only by properly trained workers. Ladders used to support step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds shall be placed, fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping. Is this an exothermic or endothermic process? Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. Which industries are employees potentially exposed to silica dust: Anytime an adapter is used to accommodate a two-hole receptacle, the adapter wire must: If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet: They must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. When a heat-producing process such as gas or arc welding is being conducted, boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of three-eight (3/8) inch (1.0 cm) wire rope. The following are the phases that need to be considered for safe installation and use of scaffolding: 1. Work benches shall not be used as scaffold platforms. (Hold the cups up to your cheeks to tell.) Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. Why? What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. disadvantages. Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold shall be installed at the scaffold ends and at least at every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end) and every fourth runner vertically. C. Suspended scaffolds Specific requirements are described below. Ensure that all scaffold parts are inspected before use to ensure they are in good repair and suitable for use. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: OSHAs electrical standards are based on: What are the four main types of electrical injuries? The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. Smith, Michael Abbott, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. ", "Single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". Wood splice plates shall be provided on at least two adjacent sides, and shall extend at least 2 feet (0.6 m) on either side of the splice, overlap the abutted ends equally, and have at least the same cross-sectional areas as the pole. Operators must complete three separate aspects of powered industrial truck training: formal training, practice training, and: To adhere to fire safety precautions, flammable and combustible materials must be stored according to: General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: Material handling tasks should be designed to minimize _________ of the given activity. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) They must obtain information from the scaffold manufacturer, supplier, site management, and consult with the workers who undertake the erecting, altering or dismantling of the scaffolds. Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. Personal Fall Arrest System. A scaffold is a temporary structure specifically erected to support access or working platforms. Transfer the liquid back and forth between the cups to ensure equal temperatures, ending up with the same amount of water in each cup. Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result in death or serious . It provides a safe and stable platform for workers. of first grade manila rope. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. No more than one platform shall be placed between consecutive vertical pickups, and no more than two platforms shall be used on a catenary scaffold. Each has Most of these incident happen because of improper erection of the scaffold, inappropriate use by workers and the lack of inspection and maintenance of the scaffold after it has been erected. The posts shall not be spaced more than 2.0 Mtrs. OSHA MODULE 5 Scaffolds Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. . Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. Scaffolds shall be securely attached to the window opening. Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. The bottom runners and bearers shall be located as close to the base as possible. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. Runners and bearers shall be installed on edge. Scaffold 0c8be2a1 9996-490a-99c0-6ef40baed98a. Hard hats must be worn by all persons erecting, moving, dismantling or using scaffolding. Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Float Scaffold. Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. Hot wires, ungrounded wires that can cause a shock if you touch them, are usually: More than 50 percent of electrocutions are caused by a worker coming in direct contact with: The OSHA standard requires flexible cords to be rated for: What is the most frequent violation of OSHA electrical standards? When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. Catenary Scoffold. Identify the three essential elements of safe scaffold construction, and give at No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturers written approval, which should be kept on file. (8) All ladders used for access shall conform to ladders, Article 25. Wire ropes shall not be tightened to the extent that the application of a scaffold load will overstress them. "Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement." 1926.451 (c) (2) (i) As mentioned in this module, in addition to cave-ins and related hazards, workers involved in excavation work also are exposed to hazards involving: Falls, falling loads and mobile equipment. Outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches or less from the front edge In the United States and Canada, most scaffolds found at jobsites are made of steel, OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Scaffolds, once properly erected, are a control measure to prevent the risk of persons and objects falling when working at height. Do not force frames or . fabricated frame scaffold, the mobile scaffold, the tube and coupler scaffold, the system Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. Upon completion of the lesson, participants will be able to: Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. Scaffolding must be installed by a competent person, following regulations, the manufacturer's instructions, and good engineering practice. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. Safe access above 2 feet. Stilts shall be properly maintained. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. Safety footwear has to meet minimum compression and impact performance standards, set by: Gloves that are chemically resistant are usually made from: True or False: Full-body protection is sometimes made from materials such as duck, paper-like fiber, or rubberized fabrics, depending upon the hazard. C. To send every worker home whole and healthy every day D. Armed robots. Couplers shall be of a structural metal, such as drop-forged steel, malleable iron, or structural grade aluminum. We've encountered a problem, please try again. Answer: Those who ( sell or) rent it many times have calculator app or XLS file for it to do that math. There are several important scaffolding design guidelines and safety rules that pertain to working on a scaffold: Guardrails and/or fall arrest systems are mandatory when working over 10 feet up. Runners shall be erected along the length of . Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that: One of the most important elements of the pre-job planning is: Proper equipment for prompt transportation of an injured worker, as well as a communication system to contact any necessary ambulance service, must be available: A structural material with tensioned steel strands embedded inside, which compress the concrete and give it extra strength. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade
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