This earthquake caused about 2,000 deaths and left about 1. truncation of Upper Ordovician and Silurian beds (see section F-F', sheet 2 of the geologic map). The New Madrid earthquakes of the winter of 1811-1812 were the largest in the history of the United States. Kentucky Geological Survey. New construction in Richmond represents different land use characteristics than were there previously. (1983, p. 24). Overall, the Madrid Fault Line affects the following states: Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Kentucky. The largest earthquake in recorded history to have ever occurred in Kentucky was a magnitude 5. FIGURE 15.--Structural setting of the eastern midcontinent. Digital Map of the Hayward Fault Map showing active fault traces within the Hayward Fault Zone, including a virtual tour of the Hayward fault in the east San Francisco Bay Region that can be viewed in the Google Earth. Show in Google Earth or other KML viewer: https://mrdata.usgs.gov/services/sgmc2 (WMS, version 1.3.0), https://mrdata.usgs.gov/services/wfs/sgmc2 (WFS, version 1.1.0), Preliminary integrated geologic map databases for the United States : Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, and West Virginia, Detailed report of standardization procedures, Methods used to create several styles for lithology or geologic time. The feature is about 5,000 ft in diameter and is in limestones and shales of For information on obtaining Kentucky Geological Survey maps and publications call: Public Information Center 859.257.3896. Madrid earthquake region (McKeown, 1982), which includes much of western Kentucky. %PDF-1.4
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But, also located beneath much of western Kentucky is the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). Map via USGS 1. sheet I of the geologic map). The Waverly arch and the Kentucky Cretaceous time, after subsidence and erosion of the Pascola arch to the south (Olive, 1980, p. 5). Definition and formation: Faults are breaks in the earths crust across which movement has occurred. characterized at the surface by concentric and radial faults, an uplifted, brecciated, and partly dolomitized Cable and Beardsley (1984) have traced the westward Kentucky. These For example, less groundwater recharge and increased storm runoff occurs due to increased pavement area. Soderberg and Keller (1981) suggest that it is underlain by a deep-seated graben of late Precambrian age, It is inclusion of the Cumberland thrust sheet of southeasternmost Kentucky in the fold-and-thrust province. A report opens in a new window. The relatively high seismicity is probably due to resurgent tectonics in the Contact the Webmaster for questions and comments. Calloway County - Murray. A map of the fault lines database from the United States Geological Survey. downward as much as 200 ft. In some cases, coals become mineralized (calcite veins, etc.) 2 of the geologic map; the Irvine-Paint Creek fault system extends well into sheet 3 as well. It also covers a part of West Tennessee, near Reelfoot Lake, extending southeast into Dyersburg. unexposed Cambrian and Ordovician strata. Dataset Size: 0 bytes. The hard dolomite of the Boyle formation was undercut by weathering of the softer shale of the Crab Orchard Formation, which caused the dolomite to fracture and fall. granites, metasediments, and felsic volcanics are associated with gravity lows, while mafic volcanics, Rough Creek graben, that was active as early as latest Precambrian or earliest Cambrian time and that has 5 earthquake lasted approximately 10 minutes. A fault line is a place in the earth where two plates move against each other which causes movements in the Earths crust. Illinois basin.--The Illinois basin is a major structural downwarp in the eastern midcontinent, occupying large . https://mrdata.usgs.gov/services/wfs/sgmc2. These cracks in the crust have caused considerable damage in the past and scientists say will do so again. Newton, J.H., McDonald, H.P., Preston, D.G., Richardson, A.J., and Sims, R., 1973, Soil survey of Madison County, Kentucky: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 103 p. Sparks, T.N., Dever, G.R., Jr., and Anderson, W.H., 2001, Geologic map of the Harrodsburg 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, central Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. All files associated with this page are copyrighted 1997
Rock strata often dip more steeply near faults or between closely spaced faults. The fault also passes through Ballard, McCracken, Livingston, and Marshall counties before it reaches its terminus at the Tennessee border. 0000001314 00000 n
Getting the basin filled with water as soon as possible after construction prevents drying and cracking, and possible leakage, of the clayey soil liner. J8T< B%3 F>YM^S=d0BqeCCu &8E2AYx`LR {]T)|x%
;". shatter cones and other features. 2023 NYP Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Dog rescued after spending 23 days under rubble of Turkey earthquake, Horrifying video captures building collapse after another earthquake hits Turkey, Turkey rocked by another quake the third in 2 weeks, Turkey begins to rebuild for 1.5 million left homeless by earthquakes, 2019 was banner year for credible UFO sightings, 11-year-old reads aloud from 'pornographic' book he checked out from library at school board meeting, Mike McCarthy shreds ex-Cowboys coordinator after firing, Family raises 250-pound 'dog' for 2 years then realizes it's a bear, 2023 Billboard Women in Music Awards: Lana Del Ray, Kim Petras, & more, RHOA star Drew Sidora accuses ex Ralph Pittman of cheating, mental abuse, Original Gone With The Wind script reveals secret war over slavery, cut scenes, Good luck 'worming' your way out of this one, Kanye West and 'wife' Bianca Censori look surprisingly happy on dinner date. Most polygon layers have some transparency set (e.g. by the Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky. Use this service to convert a single coordinate value (lat/lon, KY single zone, carter coordinate, etc..) to 14 different coordinate values. Geologists in Kentucky keep a careful eye on the New Madrid area, in hopes that they can develop methods for predicting future quakes. dome (Lexington dome of some authors), a culmination of the arch in central Kentucky; the Cumberland Other leakage prevention measures include synthetic liners, bentonite, and asphaltic emulsions. mi. It started at 8:11pm GMT on May 22nd 1960 and ended at approximately 8:21pm GMT. Because movement of the earths crust has occurred along the fault plane, rocks in the roof and floor may be highly fractured and sheared near the fault, which can weaken roof strata along the fault, leading to potential roof falls. One of the most potentially dangerous fault lines lies north of California, stretching between Oregon and Washington. It is responsible for several of the fault lines that run through New York City, including one under 125thStreet. gentle dome culminates near the intersection of the Lexington and Kentucky River fault systems (fig. summarized the available gravity, magnetic, seismic refraction, and petrologic data for Kentucky and This devastating earthquake destroyed numerous homes and took the lives of over 2,000 people. On December 16, 1811, and January 23 and February 7, 1812, a series of three earthquakesthe largest in recorded American history east of the Rocky Mountainsoccurred near the frontier town of New Madrid, Missouri. More Pennsylvanian strata are preserved south of these faults than north of the faults. While the state is not located in an area that is highly prone to earthquakes, it is located in an area with a moderate level of seismic activity. In the fall of 1996, ESEN was expanded to provide resources from around the globe using the World Wide Web. The quake was felt for over 200,000 square miles, including in the Carolinas, Alabama, Kentucky, and West Virginia. These faults roughly parallel the trend of the Cincinnati Arch and are related to the origin of the stresses that upbowed the Arch, deep beneath the surface of Kentucky. 0
labeled on the geologic map, but it appears as a small, round outcrop area of the Muldraugh Member of the In the upland areas of Madison County, which encompasses 70 percent of the county, most drilled wells will not produce enough water for a dependable domestic supply. The 150-mile (240 km)-long seismic zone, which extends into five states, stretches southward from Cairo, Illinois; through Hayti, Caruthersville, and New Madrid in Missouri; through Blytheville into Marked Tree in Arkansas. River fault system largely predate Pennsylvanian deposition and are thus not readily apparent on the 12, Geologic Map 1, scale 1:100,000. The quakes were so strong the mighty Mississippi River flowed backward for three days. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The present structural relief on the arch results mostly from latest Paleozoic California experiences thousands of earthquakes each year, many of which cause moderate to significant damage. Rock movement along fault lines might be reactivated during an earthquake. and especially in western Kentucky. Yes, Ky has had a major earthquake in the past. Discontinuities and obstacles:Where a fault intersects a mined coal seam, the coal seam will be offset, generally causing an abrupt end to the seam into rock on the other side of the fault plane. Appalachian basin.--The eastern part of Kentucky, particularly the area east of the Pottsville Escarpment, lies southern part of the Illinois basin lies in Kentucky and includes the Pennsylvanian strata of the western coal Updates? now = new Date;
Most of this data has been summarized by McGuire and Right: With time, expanding soils exert several tons per square foot of pressure on the foundation and shallow pilings. FIGURE 17.-Index to location of cross sections on the geologic map. Jeptha Knob, first described by Bucher (1925), has recently been described in detail by Cressman (1981). The downbow in eastern Kentucky is part of the Appalachian Basin, which extends from Pennsylvania to Alabama. The most recent major earthquake in Ky was the M4. Kentucky and adjacent States, indicate that the dominant rock types east of the Grenville Front are granite http://kgs.uky.edu/kgsweb/download/wrs/MADISON.pdf, Water well information is available at: http://wris.state.ky.us/website/kgs/viewer.htm. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic were characterized by uplift and minor faulting, associated with The Versailles cryptoexplosive structure was discovered during the cooperative mapping project and has Surface traces of the faults in the soft alluvium erode quickly or may be rapidly covered by new deposits thereby hiding evidence of earlier earthquakes locations. In addition to the physical destruction caused by the 9. No, earthquakes arent particularly rare in Kentucky. If a quake of that magnitude were to occur, it would result in widespread damage across much of the midwestern states, including Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, Mississippi, and Tennessee. There are at least 16 known fault lines in Kentucky, with many more that have yet to be mapped and studied. Creek and Pennyrile fault systems, the Moorman syncline, and faults in and around the Illinois-Kentucky 1 earthquake, which caused some damage to homes and businesses in the area. Map showing Quaternary faults in the western U.S. and Pacific Ocean. A compacted clay liner, or artificial liner, may prevent pond failure. This 150 mile-long series of faults stretches under five states: Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky, and is responsible for four of the largest earthquakes in the history of the United States, which took place over three months from December 1811 and February 1812. The zone of radiating faults in far western Kentucky adjacent to the Tertiary strata are part of the Fluorspar District. 0000003508 00000 n
Heavy equipment is used to clean up a rock fall between Richmond and Irvine on Highway 52. These faults were pathways for mineral-rich fluids, which deposited many types of minerals including fluorite. The fault shown cutting the Cincinnati Arch in the block diagram is part of the Lexington Fault Zone. This rock is used for making aggregate, agricultural limestone and for cement and asphalt production. Closer to home is the Ramapo Fault Zone, which stretches from New York through New Jersey to Pennsylvania and was most active millions of years ago during the formation of the Appalachian Mountains. According to the United States Geological Survey, since 1776 there have been around 235 earthquakes that have caused some level of damage in Kentucky. Underlying shale may restrict percolation in some areas. The Appalachian basin is divided structurally into an eastern highly deformed part, the fold-and-thrust There has been no activity along these faults in recorded history. The Kentucky River fault system has been extended eastward, A map of global tectonic and volcanic activity over the last one million years, showing: active ridges, continental extensions, transform faults, ridge spreading rates and directions, continental rifts, subduction and overthrust zones, and generalized volcanic activity. It was the largest tremor felt in the state since 2003. 14), and then after some distance, crossed another fault. The GFZ runs north-south through central Kentucky, stretching from near Louisville eastward to the Appalachian foothills. Bullitt County - Shepherdsville. For information on obtaining Kentucky Geological Survey maps and publications call: Public Information Center 859.257.3896. bifurcates to form the Kankakee and Findlay arches (fig. Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Knox Group in eastern Kentucky was significantly affected by continuing regional facies relationships of the Lexington Limestone of central Kentucky and adjacent States as implying Mapped faults provide an obvious location and orientation that can be projected in advance of mining. lineament, defined by aeromagnetic and gravity data, which lies across the easternmost tip of Kentucky; Contact the Kentucky Division of Water, 14 Reilly Road, Frankfort, KY 40601, telephone: 502-564-3410. Without remedial measures, the house will actually become deformed and shatter masonry and windows. . Resource maps of most of the mined coal beds in western Kentucky show that a large number of mines are bounded by faults. 0000001550 00000 n
No, there is no tectonic plate located in Kentucky. Although some reports indicate an Early As an alternative, use your computer or device screen capture tool to make an image of the map. 38) reported wells penetrating brecciated Knox dolomites and cherts below coherent Silurian dolomite, The closest tectonic plate to Kentucky is the North American Plate, which runs along the east coast of the United States and covers most of North and Central America. The Lexington (sheet 2 of the geologic map), near the axis of the Cincinnati arch (fig. If the New Madrid fault line went off, it would cause catastrophic destruction. of the Cumberland Plateau and is represented at the surface mainly by strata of Pennsylvanian age. hb```">&S ac`a8 _o9j{VkL*1{|icPGEO&u\w:=q$O\S-9 T ` ` @@ vfb3"|$2f b v` rY lY`a609060
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The USDA-NRCS can provide guidance on the application of these liners to new construction, and for treatment of existing leaking ponds. and Kankakee arches on the north and east (fig. 19 earthquakes in the past 30 days. 16; not labeled on the geologic map) occupies most of central Kentucky, as subsidence of the Rome trough (Cable and Beardsley, 1984). by a brecciated center within a belt of concentric faults. In Tennessee, the fault line continues from northern Mississippi, and passes through Chester, Henderson, McNairy, Hardin, and Wayne counties, before entering western Kentucky. The first shock was felt from Canada to New Orleans and as far away as Boston, Massachusetts and Washington, D.C. A few drill holes have penetrated these rocks in central Kentucky where they are as little as 5,000 feet beneath the surface, but in most areas they occur at depths that have not been drilled, so little is known about them. In eastern Kentucky, surface faults are relatively well mapped and relatively far . " $ #& (Cressman, 1981, p. 14). Late Paleozoic (Alleghenian) thrusting in southeasternmost However, there is evidence that Kentucky may be experiencing a spike in seismic activity since 2009, with more frequent tremors occurring throughout the state. border of the trough, which coincides with the Kentucky River fault system. Embayment across a gentle, northwest-trending arch (Heyl and others, 1965; Pinckney, 1976; Trace and The intensity of the largest of the three main shocks has been given as XII, and the body-wave
structure of the embayment by Austin and Keller (1982) is consistent with this model. Topographical changes resulting from the earthquakes included fissures, landslides, subsidence (sinking) and upheavals, soil liquefaction, the creation and destruction of lakes and swamps, and the wasting of forests. The Lexington Limestone dips on the order of 20 to 30 ft/mi or less away from the apex (Cressman, 1973, p. concurrent with this early period of arching has been demonstrated by Simmons (1966). (epicentre 36.6 N 89.6 W), each measuring greater than magnitude 7.0. Seismic risk associated with these faults is very low. From AIPG (1993). 2 that took place near Cawood in 1909. Strike-slip (also called translational or transform) faults are faults in which blocks of the earths crust are moving sideways along the fault plane. Pennsylvanian unconformity. The Kentucky Building and Residential Codes (Fig. from the Illinois and Michigan basins. considerably more data, report a close correlation between gravity anomalies and basement lithology: These fault systems were formed along the edges of a broad rift or crack in the Earth's crust that occurs deep beneath the surface, and extends from western Kentucky to the Mississippi River. Offsets on these fault zones are mostly down to the south. document.write(d.getFullYear());
Major tectonic events in Kentucky for which evidence has accumulated begin with late Precambrian rifting Ordovician inception of the arch in Kentucky, the geologic quadrangle mapping has shown no features of 5) also show right lateral offset of about Magnitude 5.2. Pennsylvanian system compiled by Coskren and Rice (1979) from data derived from drilling records and A variety of datasets can be located and downloaded, static map products can be viewed, and many web mapping applications and services are easily accessible. We are currently working on a solution for this issue. 15,000-km2 area there will be on the average one earthquake Of mb about 4 or greater annually. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The quake woke a lot of people in the northeast up to the Virginia Seismic Zone (VSZ) below the Mason Dixon and the consequential effects it could have on major cities along the East Coast. McGuire and Howell (1963, p. 2-4) presented KY basemap layers are displayed above these ESRI basemaps. the Allegheny Front, is placed by many workers at the Pine Mountain overthrust (fig. The quake occurred at 8:59 am local time and was felt from Jackson to the west, into Indiana and further east to Berea. The New Madrid, Reelfoot, and Wabash Valley seismic zones sometimes affect the state, but they are located in adjacent Missouri and Tennessee. mapping has revealed numerous minor normal faults and grabens, many en echelon in northwest-trending They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.