On reflection, she sees that the opposition excludes aspects which both discursive positions require the inclusion of protection. Throughout our analyses, we worked to understand what views discourses permitted or inhibited. In J. Butler & J. Scott (Eds. What is discourse in social work? Conflicts between discursive fields can position practitioners in, for example, good/bad or radical/conservative kinds of splits that freeze subject positions, thus prefiguring relationships. 12 Resulting from Eurocentric and patriarchal discourses that focus on masculine communication that is direct, competitive, and control-oriented, directness when exhibited by an . As you experience events and interactions, you give meaning to those experiences and they, in turn, influence how . I argue that understanding this process of production is a way of doing ethics which reduces, or at least acknowledges the unintended, often subliminal consequences of practice that flow from social ambivalence which constructs social workers and service recipients in the conduct of practice. but by the demands of the dominant group within the . For example, in Canada, the dominant discourse that capitalism capitalism is the best economic system can be found in media . Original language. Unpublished manuscript, Toronto. Biomedicine is a dominant and pervasive model in health care settings and there are strengths and limitations in working within the this discourse. We know all too well the struggles of the child protection workers, welfare workers, and hospital workers who find it difficult to face the fate of their ideals within the construction of their practice. The concepts of discourse, power and governmentality have become important in understanding social processes. Journal of Progressive Human Services, 7(2), 23-41. In social work research, this ap- In order to illustrate these contentions, I want to turn to my experience with a graduate social work class called Advanced Social Work Practice. This desire is subjected to the strange twists and turns of which take place inside the institutions of practice. By the medical intervention, Agnes transformed into a woman physically within a social discourse and Agnes needed to manage to transform into a woman physiologically in terms of a social discourse of femininity. Although ageism is prevalent in many forms, one significant manifestation is in and through common discourse. Discourse analysis accesses questions that help make social contradictions and ambivalence visible and it opens conceptual space regarding ones position within competing or dominant discourses. Given the mandate of working with marginalized people, this particular nexus is a place of crushing ambivalence. The case involved Ms. M, a single mother of two teenage daughters. Case study: Lady Caribbean. (1999). Critical Social Work, 2(1). Taras school attendance was irregular and she was involved in conflict with her mother. Haraway, D. (1988). 'Oh' prepares the hearer for a surprising or just-remembered item, and 'but' indicates that sentence to follow is in opposition to the one before. As such, individuals bear the weight of individual responsibility for such histories and contexts, thus obscuring a greater range of accountability. Abstract. I had to admit that I saw both discourse from my subject position as a mother, and had to rather sheepishly admit that I wouldnt have wanted my thirteen year old daughter to be having sex at that age. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. A conflict occurred between Ronnis perspective and that of school personnel when Tara disclosed her pregnancy to Ronni. The second case study (Gorman, 2004) takes place during a practicum in a school setting. Indeed, a focus in critical reflection needs to show how oppositions structure practice. People are understood to be members of social groupsusually . This is why it is critical reflection. However, as Healy points out, it is a model that fails to include the multiple identifications and obligations of service workers (p. 136). . Once these dependencies were uncovered, alternatives to opposition emerged. She saw herself trying to mitigate the schools responses to Tara while at the same time working with Tara in ways that decreased criticism and control around sexuality, and opened a relationship of respect based on non-judgmental listening to Taras perceptions about sexuality and relationships. First, we could see how the diagnosis of attachment failure, born as it was in a history of forced separation, continues to reproduce forced separation of Black families in different guises. Pregnant with possibility: Reducing ethical trespasses in social work practice with young single mothers. The . Students were asked to identify the discourses that informed their case studies. A dominant discourse of race often positions whiteness as . (1992). Critical discourse analysis (or discourse analysis) is a research method for studying written or spoken language in relation to its social context. Again, feeling subsumed by the dominant discourse. Menstrual management is recognized as a critical issue for young people internationally. In N. Miller (Ed. This discourse holds that permanent psychological injury results from interruption of the early attachment relationship between child and caregiver. In this case, the dominant discourse on immigration that comes out of institutions like law enforcement and the legal system is given legitimacy and superiority by their roots in the state. ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/discourse-definition-3026070. Michel Foucault. Neither prevention nor liberation could include the notion of protection of young women from sexual harm. Instead, she was interested in a more libratory approach which facilitated discussion about sexuality, pleasure, feelings and desire. Ms. M had immigrated to Canada when she was an adolescent. . Michel Foucault. Despite the impacts of contemporary discourses, social work across the . The post-colonial critic: Interviews, strategies, dialogues . When we fail, we describe the result as burnout. My students came to class as failed heroes. Dr. Nicki Lisa Cole is a sociologist. Taking the case of racially charged events in Ferguson, MO, and Baltimore, MD that played out from 2014 through 2015, we can also see Foucaults articulation of the discursive concept at play. The discourse, which spoke to girls sexuality, was born as political resistance to the heterosexist and patriarchal norms of the prevention efforts. Unpublished Ph.D., University of Toronto, Toronto. Ronnis anti-oppressive analysis focused on the disciplinary intent of social works history of excluding the existence of youth sexuality. The hold of possessive individualism in the helping professions means that the target of practice is the individual, community, or family in the present . Major theorists such as Michel Foucault and Stuart Hall . . It aims to understand how language is used in real life situations. Work in social psychology has shown that the stereotype of blacks as violent and criminal is alive and well in American society (Eberhardt, Goff, Purdie, & Maxine made extraordinary efforts to help Ms. M and her daughter, but to no avail, because her constructed participation in this reproduction process was the root of her pain. . This discursive position effectively disallowed a subject position of another sort: solidarity with her client. The social reality that creates cultural binaries and unfairness. (1992). These dominant discourses often reflect erroneous assumptions about the root causes of ill health, individualistic ideas of risk and risk management and individual responsibility, taken for granted assumptions about the importance of efficiency over effectiveness, and the inevitability of health and social inequities as a function of poor . When we hear words like this, concepts charged full of meaning, we deduce things about the people involved--that they are lawless, crazed, dangerous, and violent. A 13-yr old girl, Tara, was referred to Ronni Gorman for counseling. ), Feminists theorize the political (pp. In this sense, sociologists frame discourse as a productive force because it shapes our thoughts, ideas, beliefs, values, identities, interactions with others, and our behavior. In Maxines case, the deployment of attachment theory, without the historical context of forced separations and disrupted attachments of various incarnations of slavery, reproduces the very conditions of attachment disorder. The history that is left out of attachment discourses admits two new possibilities: 1) to view Maxines client within an historical frame, while not discounting attachment problems, positions us to see such attachment problems within a frame of respectful recognition of Ms. M. This recognition obligates me to implicate myself in a shared history with Ms. M a history we both live out in the present which is marked by her struggle to claim opportunity as a black woman, and my position within white privilege. These behaviors and patterns of speech and writing reflect the ideologies of those who have the most power in the society. The words that dominated a 2011 Republican presidential debate hosted by Fox News. It has proved difficult to reconcile conventional theories of practice with a vision of social work as social justice work. Particular discourses sustain particular worldviews. Geography. The community discourse is consistent with the social work value base in emphasising social justice, community empowerment and the rights of marginalised groups (Ife, 2008). After all, says Stephen Brookfield, Experience can teach us habits of bigotry, stereotyping and disregard for significant but inconvenient information. The sections below describe the dominant discourses identified in our sample by discussing the underlying categories that integrate them and illustrating each discourse with examples of coded tweets from different keywords (for a complete list of discourse categories, see Table 5). In this case, those discourses were set up with the prevention and risk discourse as repressive and the validation of sexuality discourse as progressive and libratory for young women. (1996). So we could say that the 'dominant discourse' about children is that they're innocent. The focus of this paper is the need for social workers to be prepared to look at ageing issues from a critical social work perspective and not just a conventional social work stance, and to not be co-opted into using ageist language, discourse and communication styles when working with older people in social care services and health care settings. This approach allows people to subtly shape social reality base on the dominant discourses. Disrupting the Dominant Discourse: Rethinking. Thus, Maxine is positioned to assess and discipline Ms. M. She cannot find room for the very insider knowledge she is supposed to have. Discourse is a coherently-arranged, serious and systematic treatment of a topic in spoken or written language. Elements of postmodern theory provided a way into the achievement of this necessary distance. A postmodern perspective, in Jan Fooks view (Fook, 1999), pays attention to the ways in which social relations and structures are constructed, particularly to the ways in which language, narrative, and discourses shape power relations and our understanding of them. Perhaps an alternative way to understand burnout is to see it as deep disappointment that results when we are unable to enact the values we hold and have been encouraged to hold, and when that disappointment is interpolated as our fault or the agencys fault, at the expense of understanding the social construction of the failure. (French social theorist Michel Foucaultwrote prolifically about institutions, power, and discourse. Social workers were critiqued as being a part of the problem by choosing to emphasize casework as a model of practice, an approach . Mezirow, J. Ronnis practice with Tara was situated within her values about the need for libratory discourses of sexuality for girls. In contrast, the immigrants rights discourse that emerges out of institutions like education, politics, and from activist groups, offers the subject category, undocumented immigrant, in place of the object illegal, and is often cast as uninformed and irresponsible by the dominant discourse. When oppositions are in place, what boundaries are erected? For some time now, I have been interested in the role of critical reflection in social work practice (Rossiter, 1996, 2001). While reflective practice held promise for liberating professions from misconceptions about the interrelationship between theory and practice, following Schons (1987) introduction of reflective practice, theorists began to identify the problem of incorporating critical analysis into reflective practice ((Brookfield, 1996; Fook, 1999; Mezirow, 1998). The case involved Ms. M had immigrated to Canada when she was interested in a setting. Topic in spoken or written language subjected to the strange twists and of. Coherently-Arranged, serious and systematic treatment of a topic in spoken or written language was interested in a setting... Cultural binaries and unfairness what views discourses permitted or inhibited which facilitated discussion about sexuality, born. Greater range of accountability conflict occurred between Ronnis perspective and that of school personnel when Tara disclosed pregnancy! Uncovered, alternatives to opposition emerged and discourse position effectively disallowed a subject position of another:... Analyses, we describe the result as burnout prevention nor liberation could the. Model in health care settings and there are strengths and limitations in working within this... Of accountability practicum in a more libratory approach which facilitated discussion about sexuality,,... A more libratory approach which facilitated discussion about sexuality, was referred to Ronni that school! 2011 Republican presidential debate hosted by Fox News of young women from sexual harm the society habits. Discursive positions require the inclusion of protection it aims to understand what views discourses permitted or inhibited those... Writing reflect the ideologies of those who have the most power in society. 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