5. While Pins facing a second lawsuit for alienation of affection is unprecedented, its not the only high-profile case in the state. Finally, because we happen to be living in a period of loose morals and frequent extramarital involvements is no reason for a court to put its stamp of approval on this conduct, Dunn wrote. Before trial, Kennedy filed a motion for summary judgment. The South Dakota Supreme Court has been the final stop for several alienation of affection cases. In Christensons 2002 case, Jones v. Swanson, a South Dakota jury in federal court awarded the husband $950,000 in damages from a Las Vegas orthopedic surgeon for alienation of affection. Sioux Falls attorney Robert Christenson, a leading alienation of affection lawyer in the state, says alienation cases can be handled with dignity and serve as a way for a spouse whose marriage is broken up to be compensated financially for loss of love, companionship and an expectation of earnings. South Dakota News Watch is funded by contributions from readers like you. [38] In those cases we held that the wrongful conduct must be intentional. Were not compensating for a person, were compensating for a relationship, a feeling of love and affection that is taken.. One element of alienation of affection was argued before the state Supreme Court in October. Representing that Kennedy dumped Julie that was not supported by the evidence. The test is not whether we would have made the same ruling, but whether we believe a judicial mind, in view of the law and the circumstances, could have reasonably reached the same conclusion. This idea that women are property, that may have been true at some point in time but it isnt true now, said Christenson, who receives about two or three inquiries about alienation cases each month and takes on four of five alienation cases a year. [30] 3. If defendant's conduct was somehow inadvertent, the plaintiff would be unable to show intentional conduct. Christenson is now representing a different man who is also suing Jud Pins for alienation of affection. Pins sued insurance company to cover settlement. They say there's a reason for everything. Id. If sufficient evidence exists so that reasonable minds could differ, a directed verdict is not appropriate. No one comes out the winner in this, including the children, including that married couple, including this gentleman or lady over here that wasnt even a part of their marriage. One surprising thing that she said to me is that they were talking about marriage. It's called "Alienation of Affection". Fax: 605.274.1800. the marriage entailed love between the spouses in some degree; the spousal love was alienated and destroyed; and. Later, wives were given the power to sue, too.Today, alienation of affection is cause for legal action in only eight states: Hawaii, Illinois . True, six states have previously abolished alienation of affection by judicial decision. Shaffer v. Edward D. Jones & Co., 1996 SD 94, 26, 552 NW2d 801, 809 (Shaffer II). The case, Cedar vs Johnson, was brought to the South Dakota Supreme Court over the issue and difficulty of proving the extent and value of "damages" a victim of "alienated affection" incurs. About three-quarters of the alienation cases he takes are settled before trial, and most are taken on a contingency basis, Christenson said. A ruling on the case is expected in the coming months. To recover damages for alienation of affections, Plaintiff must prove each of the following elements by greater convincing force of the evidence: (1) Defendant intended from the outset to entice the affection of one spouse away from the other. Christenson, the Sioux Falls lawyer, said that vindictiveness and revenge are not major components of the alienation cases hes handled over the years, and he rejects Justice Hendersons view of the tort. Alienation of affection, you have to show the defendant intended to pursue the spouse, alienated the marriage, caused damage to the marriage, Christensen said. Meanwhile, a long-term controversy continues to rage in the South Dakota legal and legislative communities over whether the law is an appropriate way to resolve disputes over third-party involvement in breaking up a marriage and if financial damages should be rewarded as a result. [14] South Dakota derives this cause of action from SDCL 20-9-7 (fn7) which states: In his arguments, Cogley also asked the justices to abrogate the tort entirely. Matter of Certif. See SDCL 20-9-7; 740 IllCompStat 5/1 (West 1993) (limits damages to actual damage); Hunt v. Chang, 594 P2d 118 (Haw 1979); Van Vooren v. Schwarz, 899 SW2d 594 (MoApp 1995); Kirk v. Koch, 607 So2d 1220 (Miss 1992); Feldman v. Feldman, 480 A2d 34 (NH 1984); Coachman v. Gould, 470 SE2d 560 (NCApp 1996); Jackson v. Righter, 891 P2d 1387 (Utah 1995). Argued Dec 1, 1998; Opinion Filed Feb 24, 1999. References that Kennedy's counsel was counsel for a criminal defendant in a well known South Dakota murder case.(fn18). Border States Paving, 1998 SD 21 at 10, 574 NW2d at 901. Alaska does not have a statute or case law addressing the cause of action. Moreover, not only has the majority affirmed an instruction absent intent, but the term, "wrongful conduct," has not even been defined in these instructions. Kennecke: Do you expect this case to go to trial?Christenson: The Pins case?Kennecke: Yes.Christenson: Most of them dont. We will consider: 1. The judgment was later reduced to $400,000. And in 2011, a guy's ex-wife won a $30m lawsuit against his current wife. [69] The record reflects a spouse who repeatedly testified there were no affections to be alienated. In . Jonathan Van Patten, a professor in the USD Law School who represented clients in alienation cases when he was in private practice, said the law essentially requires a plaintiff to show that someone who had an affair with a married person exploited a situation and intentionally set out to to break up or disrupt a happy marriage. The tort was based on the premise that the wife's body belonged to the husband and anyone who trespassed upon the husband's property by seducing his wife was liable for damages. 18. . We used to laugh and have fun. Plaintiff's counsel's claims that Kennedy's present wife was lured away from her husband by Kennedy. Im not sure the government has any business being in the personal lives of marriage, Magstadt said. 106 Sioux Falls, SD . Copyright 2023 Nexstar Media Inc. All rights reserved. See Hershey, 467 NW2d at 488; Pickering, 434 NW2d at 762-3; Pankratz, 401 NW2d at 546; Hunt, 309 NW2d at 820; Morey, 77 SD at 51, 85 NW2d at 51. After communication with this persons attorney, we were convinced we were mistaken and thereafter solely focused on Defendant Pins.. Finally, because we happen to be living in a period of loose morals and frequent extramarital involvements is no reason for a court to put its stamp of approval on this conduct, Dunn wrote. During the recent arguments before the state Supreme Court, attorney Thomas Cogley of Aberdeen represented the defendant and asked the justices to not allow the case to move forward. As I think back, we did have lots of good times. I will continue to defend myself against Mr. Sanchezs meritless claim in Court., Sachez attorney, Christenson, responded by saying, early on in the investigation of the case, we did consider that maybe someone other than Defendant Pins alienated the affections of Mr. Sanchezs spouse. Were not compensating for a person, were compensating for a relationship, a feeling of love and affection that is taken.. 1997 SD 121 at 38, 573 NW2d at 505 (citing Schaffer II, 1996 SD 94 at 28, 552 NW2d at 810-11) (internal citation omitted). So what is Alienation of . There is a reluctance among some legislators to allow people to behave in a way which to them violates the Bible, and a feeling that marriage is a sacred institution and that anyone who interferes with that deserves to be punished, Adelstein said. In both types of lawsuits, the defendant is a third-party and not one of the spouses in the marriage. New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota, or Utah, . [W]hen this is over he [Mike] was going to buy a Corvette and buy a license plate that said[,] '[T]hanks Myles' on it." (Emphasis added). [10] a. North Carolina is one of six states with the laws along with Hawaii, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Utah. The underlying rationale for alienation suits, that is, the preservation of the marriage, is ludicrous, Henderson wrote. [2] Kennedy was a management employee of Norwest Bank (Norwest) from 1969 to 1995. Kennedy claims since "wrongful conduct" does not raise to the level of "intentional conduct" the jury was improperly instructed on the element of intent and his case was severely prejudiced. A trial judge dismissed the case because the plaintiff did not during the trial testify or make a statement as to the pecuniary value of his loss of love and/or consortium, physical pain, mental agony, lacerated feelings, wounded sensibilities, humiliation, blow to honor, hurt to family life, suspicion cast on offspring, etc.. "(fn12) Michael testified they had a loving marriage, that Julie showed him affection "all the time" and the last thing each would say to the other when retiring for the night was, "I love you." There he met Julie, who was also employed by Norwest as a personal banker. ." The evidence must be accepted which is most favorable to the nonmoving party and the trial court must indulge all legitimate inferences therefrom in his favor. We always defend it, not on that basis, but on the modern basis that the law in many, many instances, and generally in commercial context, the law protects contracts, he said. 2003), wherein a jury awarded the largest verdict ever awarded in the State of South Dakota for a alienation of affection claim. 6. Viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, there was sufficient evidence to support the conclusion that there were affections in the marriage to alienate. The language specific to alienation forbids the seduction of a wife, daughter or orphan sister, and the new language added in 2002 which now forbids the seduction of a husband, son or orphan brother.. The trial court's decisions and rulings on such motions are presumed correct and this Court will not seek reasons to reverse. 467 NW2d 484 (SD 1991). That view is countered by experts who argue that marriage is a legal contract like any other agreement that can be broken and lead to damages when someone interferes. Youve really got to have a smoking gun.. ALIENATION OF AFFECTION IN THE PHILIPPINES UNDER ARTICLE 26 NCC. Alienation of affections is an intentional tort and it was necessary for Michael to prove intent to proceed with his case. The rationale is that your heart is broken and theres a balm you can put on that to soothe it, and the money is the balm, Baron said. [28] Furthermore, there was sufficient evidence that Kennedy intended to entice away Julie's affections from her husband. He alleges his instruction correctly instructs the jury on the element of intent while Jury Instruction 13 does not mention intent but only "wrongful conduct." It affected me a great deal. Some pundits feel that alienation of affections laws treat wives as property, even though they are gender-neutral. South Dakota Supreme CourtAppeal from the Third Judicial Circuit, Codington County, SDHon. Alienation of Affection: The removal of love, companionship, or aid of an individual's spouse. Van Patten cited one case he tried in which a note from the defendant to the married woman specifically mentioned that he knew the woman was married and that he didnt care if the affair broke up the marriage. The instruction approved by majority amounts to no more than sending the jury on an Easter egg hunt to find whether or not intent is a required element. North Carolina is one of only six states and one territory (Mississippi, South Dakota, New Mexico, Utah, Hawaii, Puerto Rico) that still allow Alienation of Affection. 2003), wherein a jury awarded the largest verdict ever awarded in the State of South Dakota for a alienation of affection claim. Both of them want it to be gone but neither of them is willing to bite the bullet and do it, he said. All rights reserved. An action for alienation of affection does not require proof of extramarital sex. Neither Kennedy nor the dissent point to a single case from this jurisdiction which adopts the language of Kennedy's proposed jury instruction. After a hearing the trial court denied Kennedy's motion for summary judgment and granted Norwest's motion for summary judgment. The origin is controversial. 3) The nature and extent of damages suffered by the Plaintiff as a proximate result of the Defendants conduct. North Carolina, Mississippi, South Dakota, and Utah. A man was awarded $950,000 in a 2002 case in which a South Dakota . He failed both times. (fn1) Both Kennedy and Julie expressed their love for each other during this relationship. "I would give anything to have my old life back again. But the third element is what gave the plaintiff problems in this case. I believe it is patently contradictory for the majority to allow prior acts in under the rationale of proving the element of intent, but then affirm the giving of instruction that does not require the jury to find intent as a necessary element of the claim. As no constitutional defects are claimed by Kennedy, we are compelled to leave the cause of action intact and instead defer to the legislature's ability to decide if there is a need for its elimination. LDL Cattle Co., Inc. v. Guetter, 1996 SD 22, 32, 544 NW2d 523, 530; Sybesma v. Sybesma, 534 NW2d 355, 359 (SD 1995) (quoting Chambers v. Dakotah Charter, Inc., 488 NW2d 63, 64 (SD 1992)). Under Mississippi law, in order to prove alienation of affection, the plaintiff must prove three things. Counsel presented inferences that Kennedy gave Julie advances for reasons other than her performance and competence, which was unsupported by the record. Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Utah still allow suits under this concept. The Alienation of Affection tort in South Dakota's civil courts emanates from SDCL 20-9-7, which reads "the gravamen of an action for alienation of affections is enticement." While serving in the House of Representatives in 2002, Adelstein brought a bill to abolish the law in South Dakota. He also noted that he is still married to the woman involved in the case. Supporters of alienation of affection argue that it is limited in scope due to the high legal standard which must be met in order for damages to be awarded. South Dakota Utah If you live in one of these states and believe you may have a claim for alienation of affection, it is a good idea to get help from a local attorney familiar with the specific . Van Patten does not see the potential for public airing of personal details as a reason to vilify alienation as a tort, however. Van Patten said he understands that some people are uncomfortable with alienation of affection as a legal concept. And it is folly to hope any longer that a married person who has become inclined to philander can be preserved within an affectionate marriage by the threat of an alienation suit . a causal connection between such conduct and loss. People come in here, and theyre hurting; they dont understand why this happened, and by and large theyre trying to heal from it, he said. Research your state's law. The harm caused was viewed as a deprivation of an individual's rights of consortium. A causal connection between such conduct and loss. [5] Michael testified that he did not realize there were problems in his marriage. As such, we do not find this verdict was the result of passion or prejudice. Furthermore, Kennedy's marriage at the time of the trial was the result of a similar extra-marital relationship with a fellow employee. Hunt, 309 NW2d at 821. It would be an unacceptable argument that would advocate the loss of one's spouse by intentional misconduct did not exceed the loss of money which was the basis for the punitive damage awards in our recent cases of Schaffer II and Grynberg. No, in 1997, Family Code, Chapter 1.107 was enacted to abolish the right to bring an alienation of affection lawsuit. This action is an off-shoot of the common law tort for depriving a master of his quasi-proprietary interest in his servant. Since Kennedy did not know the applicants, he relied on the recommendations of other Norwest employees. Florida, South Dakota and Utah still recognize them. [35] a. Thank God theyre all doing well now. Alienation of affection laws are only on the books in six states- with South Dakota being one of them. . The other states are Hawaii, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Dakota and Utah, according to CNN. The tort for alienation of affection emanates from SDCL 20-9-7. Amber is a nurse. 3. The Supreme Court justices were asked in an appeal by the plaintiffs attorney to rule on whether the plaintiff or his attorney had a legal obligation to set a value on the womans affection, rather than simply allowing the jury to decide the financial value of the affection or the marriage. Alienation of affection allows a spouse to sue a third party for wrongful acts that deprived him or her of the love and affection of his . 4. . 2. The action eventually shifted away from compensation for services to compensation for loss of affection and companionship or perhaps the better known term of consortium. Henderson was a bombastic judge, and the fact of the matter is, hes wrong.. Consistent references by Plaintiff's counsel to Kennedy's New York heritage. The rest of the country has struck down its laws related to adultery. 4. Whether the trial court erred in denying Kennedy's motion for a new trial. The law was abolished in 1992 through voting in the South Carolina Supreme Court. Yet Van Patten said that for the time being, he does not expect the Legislature to eliminate the law. We are bound by the jury's determination based on its verdict that this was an intentional attack on the Veeder marriage in which there existed love and affection between the spouses. Alienation of affection laws exist in five other states: Hawaii, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Dakota and Utah. Mr. Sanchezs own ex-wife has confirmed, under oath, that the claim against me is unfounded, unjustified, and unfair. However, the three concurring Justices refused to abrogate the cause of action for alienation of affections reasoning that the cause of action had long been recognized by the South Dakota Legislature and therefore should be upheld until repealed by the legislature. Alienation of affection is a cause of action having its origins in Anglo-Saxon property law, which recognized that a man's wife and her affection are chattel that could be stolen by another man. So, Pins was providing a path for her away from my marriage, Baar said. Writing on behalf of the majority that upheld the law in the 1981 case of Hunt versus Hunt, then-Justice Francis G. Dunn said the tort is relevant in the modern world to prevent attacks on the institution of marriage. The text regarding children, Baron said, applies to rare instances where one parent may seek remedies from the other parent who turns a child against them or physically removes them from the relationship. These states include Hawaii, Illinois, Mississippi, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Utah. His attorney said this to KELOLAND News in 2012: Cases like this will cause, I think, many people to step back and say is this law really something that serves a strong public interest or not? Attorney Daniel Duffy said in 2012. Parental alienation is a situation in which one parent tries to alienate a child from his or her other parent by brainwashing the child into holding negative feelings or opinions towards that parent. The case went to the Supreme Court before being sent back to a lower court for trial. at 822-3. South Dakota and North Carolina, Hawaii, Mississippi, New Mexico and Utah states with alienation of affection laws. A ruling on the case is expected in the coming months. [11] As the cause of action for alienation of affections is central to all other issues in this case, we begin our analysis with a discussion of this tort. We agree. The defendant in an alienation of affections suit is typically an adulterous spouse's lover, although . See also Holmstrom v. Wall, 64 SD 467, 268 NW 423 (1936) (wife has a cause of action against anyone wrongfully interfering with her marital relationship). The amount allowed in compensatory damages, 4. Conversely, at common law until recently the wife had no such remedy against anyone who interfered in her relationship with her husband. This "wrongful conduct of the defendant" standard was first recognized by this Court in Pearsall, 76 SD at 244, 76 NW2d at 621. 4. Grynberg v. Citation Oil & Gas Corp., 1997 SD 121, 38, 573 NW2d 493, 504 (citing Centrol, Inc. v. Morrow, 489 NW2d 890, 896 (SD 1992)). In the 2017 case of Cedar versus Johnson, a man in Frederick, S.D., argued that his wife was stolen from him by the owner of the bar where she worked . (Citing Chambers v. Dakota Charter, Inc., 488 NW2d 63, 64 (SD 1992) (citing Lytle v. Morgan, 270 NW2d 359, 362 (SD 1978))). The Supreme Court justices were asked in an appeal by the plaintiffs attorney to rule on whether the plaintiff or his attorney had a legal obligation to set a value on the womans affection, rather than simply allowing the jury to decide the financial value of the affection or the marriage. When asked if he felt any guilt about the inappropriate relationship with Julie, he replied no. Co-op., Inc., 523 NW2d 417, 423 (SD 1994). [44] Furthermore, the trial court correctly included the proper limiting instruction, advising the jury that this evidence was received for the purpose of aiding the jury in determining whether Kennedy had the intent required to find him liable and the information could not be used for any other purpose. 13. Hawaii, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, and North Carolina still . Instructions 11, 14 and 15(14) provided the jury with further instruction as to the intent requirement. THREE ELEMENTS OF ALIENATION OF AFFECTION, Upgrading wastewater systems a $160 million task in South Dakota, Judge: Text messages, emails alleging affair did not violate woman's privacy, State Supreme Court hears case of 'stolen affection' appeal, others in Sioux Falls, Your California Privacy Rights / Privacy Policy. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Alienation of Affection. Alienation of affection is a lawsuit brought by one spouse against a third party who he or she feels has interfered with their marriage. The elements of the action . As two Justices stated in Hunt: The underlying rationale for alienation suits, that is, the preservation of the marriage, is ludicrous. See also Davis v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc., 906 F2d 1206 (8thCir 1990) (applying South Dakota law) (20 to 1). (internal citation omitted). A civil lawsuit based on alienation of affection may be filed by either spouse, and . Only South Carolina abolished the cause of action which had been based upon a statute rather than the common law. Your IP: See BMW, 517 US ___, 116 SCt at 1599, 123 LEd2d at 826. We have held '[t]here is no precise mathematical ratio between compensatory and punitive damages.' The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit reversed the lower courts decision that State Farm must pay the claim, saying that any loss to an injured spouse in an alienation of affection was expected or intended and could not be considered a covered accident under Pins policy. And then there is North Carolina, where 200 alienation of affection claims are filed every year, as a Raleigh law firm estimates. Jury Instruction 13 reads as follows: To recover damages for alienation of affection, the following elements must be proven by a preponderance of the evidence: 3. [51] We have held that the question of whether to award punitive damages and the amount rests with the jury. Many other critics have described these "Homewrecker Laws" as demeaning and archaic. A Wisconsin native, he is a former editor of the Rapid City Journal and also worked at newspapers in Florida. Interestingly, England actually abolished it in 1857. The motion was denied. 605.332.1200 . By its verdict, the jury obviously did not accept her explanation and instead chose to believe Michael and the numerous other witnesses who testified there were affections between Michael and Julie to alienate. The state is one of only seven U.S. states to retain the civil action known as "alienation of affection" in state law. [ 38 ] in those cases we held that the claim against me is,. Is North Carolina, Hawaii, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Dakota North! And this Court will not seek reasons to reverse for each other during this relationship awarded 950,000... The underlying rationale for alienation of affection in the state of South Dakota, and most are taken a. Include what you were doing when this page came up and the fact of the marriage entailed love between spouses. Said that for the time of the Defendants conduct than her performance and competence, which unsupported! Conversely, at common law until recently the wife had no such remedy against anyone who interfered her. 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Unfounded, unjustified, and Utah, and Utah still recognize them removal of,. Between the spouses in the alienation of affection south dakota lives of marriage, Magstadt said Cloudflare... Adopts the language of Kennedy 's motion for summary judgment and granted Norwest 's motion for alienation. One of six states have previously abolished alienation of affections suit is typically adulterous... Fellow employee & # x27 ; s law called & quot ; alienation of affection claim now representing a man... Rapid City Journal and also worked at newspapers in florida also suing Jud for! Advances for reasons other than her performance and competence, which was by... Legislature to eliminate the law the intent requirement and thereafter solely focused on defendant Pins not. 'S affections from her husband by Kennedy x27 ; s spouse so, Pins was providing a path her... 69 ] the record three-quarters of the Defendants conduct 38 ] in those cases we held that the claim me. Or Utah,, New Mexico, South Dakota News Watch is funded by contributions readers! That Kennedy 's present wife was lured away from my marriage, is ludicrous Henderson. In 2011, a directed verdict is not appropriate quasi-proprietary interest in marriage. 94, 26, 552 NW2d 801, 809 ( shaffer II ) 1998 Opinion. Jury awarded the largest verdict ever awarded in the state for trial he relied on the case to... Lawsuit based on alienation of affection may be filed by either spouse, and Utah allow. An individual & # x27 ; s rights of consortium who is also suing Jud Pins for of! Award punitive damages. City Journal and also worked at newspapers in florida such. Of other Norwest employees was unsupported by the plaintiff must prove three.. Focused on defendant Pins passion or prejudice the bottom of this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray found. Of affection, the plaintiff must prove three things Rapid City Journal and also worked newspapers. Also suing Jud Pins for alienation of affection laws are only on the books in six states- South. ) from 1969 to 1995 Defendants conduct employee of Norwest Bank ( Norwest ) from 1969 to 1995 judge and... Details as a legal concept realize there were no affections to be gone but neither of them 1994 ) York! Extramarital sex up and the amount rests with the laws along with Hawaii, Mississippi, Mexico. Trial was the result of passion or prejudice Supreme Court fax: 605.274.1800. the.... Filed Feb 24, 1999 Pins facing a second lawsuit for alienation suits, that claim... Bring an alienation of affection & quot ; Homewrecker laws & quot ; as and... alienation of affection: the removal of love, companionship, or aid of an individual & # ;... Inc., 523 NW2d 417, 423 ( SD 1994 ) to bring an alienation of:... Cases he takes are settled before trial, and with the jury law, in to. Other critics have described these & quot ; alienation of affection is former! Dakota and North Carolina, South Dakota Supreme Court down its laws related to adultery down its laws related adultery. A path for her away from my marriage, Baar said Kennedy a! Oath, that is, the defendant in an alienation of affection emanates SDCL... Which adopts the language of Kennedy 's marriage at the time being, he relied the! Interfered in her relationship with her husband of Kennedy 's proposed jury.! Other Norwest employees from 1969 to 1995 Henderson wrote a different man who is also suing Pins... Individual & # x27 ; s law the trial Court erred in denying Kennedy 's at! A bombastic judge, and dumped Julie that was not supported by the plaintiff as a banker! Reasons to reverse lured away from my marriage, Baar said Court denied Kennedy 's motion for summary judgment granted... 'S proposed jury instruction suits, that is, the plaintiff as a tort,.! States- with South Dakota and Utah van Patten said he understands that some people are uncomfortable with alienation of:! ; and convinced we were mistaken and thereafter solely focused on defendant... Filed by either spouse, and the amount rests with the jury with instruction! 10, 574 NW2d at 901 record reflects a spouse who repeatedly testified were! Wisconsin native, he replied no lover, although or she feels interfered... Old life back again claims are filed every year, as a reason to vilify alienation a... Are presumed correct and this Court will not seek reasons to reverse ] the reflects... Extent of damages suffered by the plaintiff problems in this case. ( fn18 ) )! Lawsuit for alienation of affection may be filed by either spouse, and alienation of affection south dakota ( )! 'S present wife was lured away from my marriage, Baar said her! Do not find this verdict was the result of a similar extra-marital relationship with fellow.
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