(2) For Meritorious . Customer needs to contact a Military Awards Specialist at 800-308-0849 to purchase the Bronze Star Medal. In 1947 the possibilities for awarding were enlarged. It may also be presented to members of foreign militaries and even civilians. Awarded to a person who, while serving in any capacity with the Navy or Marine Corps, is cited for gallantry in action that does not warrant the Medal of Honor or Navy Cross. This made it possible to award the Bronze Star to any person who had received the Combat Infantryman Badge or the Combat Medical Badge. Outstanding and worthy of special recognition, but not to the degree required for the Bronze Star Medal or Air Medal when combat is involved or the Meritorious Service Medal or Air Medal when combat is not involved. It can also be awarded for those who perform their duties in a meritorious manner in a combat zone, even if they do not directly participate in combat action. Amazon.com: Bronze Star Medal 1-48 of 759 results for "bronze star medal" RESULTS Price and other details may vary based on product size and color. Advertising Notice: Veteran.com and Three Creeks Media, its parent and affiliate companies, may receive compensation through advertising placements on Veteran.com; For any rankings or lists on this site, Veteran.com may receive compensation from the companies being ranked and this compensation may affect how, where and in what order products and companies appear in the rankings and lists. [12], The Bronze Star Medal was designed by Rudolf Freund (18781960) of the jewelry firm Bailey, Banks & Biddle. For other acknowledgments, star devices can be mounted on a ribbon bar or the medal ribbon itself. The award may cover an extended period of time during which a higher award may have been recommended or received for specific act(s). .more Billy Waugh Commendation Medal, Bronze Star Medal, Air Medal During World War II, the Army awarded the Combat Infantryman Badge and Combat Medical Badge to soldiers for exemplary conduct in sustained action against the armed enemy. What Does the Bronze Star on a Ribbon Mean? As a result of a study conducted in 1947, a policy was implemented that authorized the retroactive award of the Bronze Star Medal (without the "V" device) to all soldiers who had received the Combat Infantryman Badge or the Combat Medical Badge during World War II. The star hangs from its ribbon by a rectangular metal loop with rounded corners. The Purple Heart: Americas Oldest Decoration Still Awarded Today, Sergeant Stubby and Sergeant Reckless, Decorated Dog and Horse, Wesley Fox: The Marine Who Worked His Way Up From Private to Colonel, Small-town Nurse Ellen Ainsworth Died Saving Patients in World War II, John McCain: A Lifetime of Service to America. For this purpose, the US Army's Combat Infantryman Badge or Combat Medical Badge award is considered as a citation in orders. The Bronze Star Medal Design. These achievements must take place according to the following criteria: -Not during aerial flight The idea was picked up by General George C. Marshall who wrote a memorandum to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. WEIGHTED AIRMAN PROMOTED SYSTEM POINT VALUE: 5, An official website of the United States government, WEIGHTED AIRMAN PROMOTED SYSTEM POINT VALUE, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. The Navy & Marine Corps Achievement Medal may also be awarded to members of the armed forces of a friendly foreign nation consistent with the eligibility requirements specified in chapter 6. [22][23] In the end, there was a Pentagon review and decision by Congress in 2001 to stop the awarding of Bronze Stars to personnel outside the combat zone. The Bronze Star has been awarded to thousands of recipients for valor and achievement. -In a designated combat zone An accumulation of minor acts of heroism normally does not justify the award, but unusual or exceptional cases will be decided on their merits. Wear of a "V" device on the medal is authorized for acts of valor in combat. The Bronze Star was envisioned as the infantryman's equivalent of the Air Medal, so it is often referred to as the Ground Medal. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. The Bronze Star Medal recognizes service members who show acts of heroism in the field, or who are meritorious in their work. Bronze Star Medal Post navigation Combat Infantry Badge If you have a Bronze Star Medal or other awards, a military medal display rack or shadow box is the perfect place to keep them safe and visible in your home. 9419 on Feb. 4, 1944, is awarded to a person in any branch of the military service who, while serving in any capacity with the armed forces of the United States on or after Dec. 7, 1941, shall have distinguished himself by heroic or meritorious achievement or service, not involving participation 5/16 inch star In theNavyandMarine CorpsandCoast Guard. (1) while engaged in an action against an enemy of the United States; Medal of Honor. The Bronze Star Medal, often called the Bronze Star colloquially, is a United States military decoration awarded to members of the United States Armed Forces for either heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone. This allowed for awards where US service members become involved in an armed conflict where the United States was not a belligerent. This decoration authorized by Executive Order No. A civilian reporter and photographer, Joe Galloway, received this medal during the Vietnam War in 1965 for rescuing a wounded soldier under fire. Awarded to members of the Armed Forces of the United States who, while serving under competent authority in any capacity with an Armed Force of the United States after 5 April 1917, has been killed or wounded. BRONZE STAR RECIPIENTS Authorized on February 4, 1944, the Bronze Star Medal is awarded to members of all branches of military service. The conditions of the award include a requirement that the meritorious acts or service happen: The requirements to earn a BSM are lower than those require to earn the Silver Star. The Bronze Star and Silver Star medals were designed by Rudolf Freund of Bailey, Banks and Biddlea Philadelphia jewelry firm. Military Awards Army Regulation 600-8-22, Code of Federal Regulations Title 32 National Defense, Your email address will not be published. If you have questions about Veteran programs offered through or by the Dept. Bronze Service Stars indicate participation in a particular military campaign or engagement. The decoration could be awarded to any military who, serving within or together with the army of the United States after 6th December 1941, decorating himself by heoric or meritorious deeds as military, not participating in air operations, during military operations against an armed enemy or during an armed conflict in which the United States was not participating as a beligirent. As a reminder, the use of the "V" device on the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award and the Air Force Organizational Excellence Award is only authorized for the period of Jan. 11, 1996 to Jan. 1, 2014. The Bronze Star is a military award that indicates a U.S. service member has performed heroically and/or meritoriously. Colonel Reeder initially called his idea the Ground Medal, and his proposal quickly moved up the channels until it reached President Franklin D. Roosevelts desk in February 1944 and was signed into order as the Bronze Star Medal. [13] (Freund also designed the Silver Star. Alexx Pons. Since 1944 the medal has been awarded to tens of thousands of military perso. Meritorious or heroic acts during aerial flight are disqualified from this award. (8) As the result of maltreatment inflicted by their captors while a prisoner of war. Neither Veteran.com nor Three Creeks Media are associated with or endorsed by the U.S. (3) while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed forces in which the United States is not a belligerent party. The award shall be given for meritorious service or achievement in a combat or noncombat situation based on sustained performance or specific achievement of a superlative nature, and shall be of such merit as to warrant more tangible recognition than is possible by a fitness report or evaluation sheet, but which does not warrant a Navy & Marine Corps Commendation Medal or higher. (NOTE: The establishment of the Gallant Unit Citation and Meritorious Unit Award warranted the discontinuance of the "V" device being authorized for approved USAF unit awards). Although a service member may be cited for heroism in combat and be awarded more than one Bronze Star authorizing the "V" device, only one "V" may be worn on each suspension and service ribbon of the medal. (10) After 28 March 1973, as a result of military operations while serving outside the territory of the United States as part of a peacekeeping force. [7][8] Another civilian recipient was writer Ernest Hemingway. (2) while engaged in military operation involving conflict with an opposing foreign force; or The result of those changes allowed those serving on or after Sept. 11, 2001 to be awarded a Meritorious Service Medal instead of the Bronze Star for achievements in a combat theater. Any military member in any branch of service, serving after Dec. 6, 1941, who distinguishes themselves by heroic or meritorious achievement or service, not involving participation in aerial flight. Colonel Russell Potter Reeder initiated the idea of the Bronze Star during World War II. (c) Reflect most creditably on the efforts of the individual toward the accomplishment of the unit mission. The Bronze Star is, appropriately, made of bronze. The First Ever Military Medal: Who Created it and Why. The last item listed is "Bronze Star Medal GO 16 HQ 35 INF 9 MAR 45" - meaning that a Bronze Star Medal was awarded by Headquarters 35th Infantry Division, on General Orders number 16, 9 March 1945. The V device on the award is intended to reflect a recognition of valor among this medals recipients. Left and right can be fond a 1/32 inch (1 mm) wide white line, followed to the inside by a scarlet 9/16 inch (14 mm) broad band. All rights reserved. Bronze Star Medal, Purple Heart Bill Graham (born Wulf Wolodia Grajonca; January 8, 1931 - October 25, 1991) was a German-American impresario and rock concert promoter from the 1960s until his death in 1991 in a helicopter crash. Privacy statement, cookies, disclaimer and copyright, On a journey of discovery to historical sites? References to third-party products, rates and offers may change without notice. The Bronze Star Medal ( BSM) is a United States Armed Forces decoration awarded to members of the United States Armed Forces for either heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone . William "Billy" Waugh (born December 1, 1929), is a former United States Army Special Forces soldier and Central Intelligence Agency paramilitary operations officer who served more than 50 years. DEFENSE SUPERIOR SERVICE MEDAL. BRONZE STAR. Recipients of this medal have performed a heroic and/or meritorious deed in armed conflict. Established on February 4, 1944, the Bronze Star Medal (more commonly known simply as the Bronze Star) honors members of any branch of the United States Armed Forces who demonstrate exceptional or heroic achievement so as to set themselves apart from their peers, though to a lesser degree that what would warrant a Silver Star or the Legion of It is awarded for acts of heroism or merit under combat, and can be awarded to members of any of the Armed Forces of the United States of America. Wear of a V device on the medal is authorized for acts of valor in combat. The Bronze Star, also known as the Bronze Star Medal or BSM for short, is a military medal awarded for heroic achievement, heroic service, meritorious achievement, or meritorious service in a combat zone. There were other controversial instances of BSMs being awarded in circumstances that warranted further review. The Bronze Star Medal was designed by Rudolf Freund (1878-1960) of the jewelry firm Bailey, Banks & Biddle. Find recipients of the Purple Heart, Medal of Honor, and other military medals in our database of U.S. conflicts, including WW2, Vietnam, and the Gulf War. [19] The idea eventually rose through the military bureaucracy and gained supporters. The medal is bronze and in the shape of a five-pointed star; an additional raised five-pointed star appears at the center. This medal is made of bronze and measures 1.5 inches in diameter, with a raised bronze star in the center whose rays coincide with the larger star. The reverse bears the inscriptionHEROIC OR MERITORIOUS ACHIEVEMENTwith a space for the name of the recipient to be engraved. The Bronze Star is a military award that indicates a U.S. service member has performed heroically and/or meritoriously. Other Bronze Star devices indicate the number of conflicts in which the recipient participated and received awards. Established through an executive order, the Bronze Star was designed in 1943 by Colonel Russell Reeder. ASVAB Scores For Air Force Jobs: All 130+ For 2022, How To Choose The Right Military Branch For You, 3. For unknown reasons the institution did not occur. Awardees of the Bronze Star Medal are listed here alphabetically by first name. What Are the Devices of a Bronze Star Medal? When awarded for heroism, the Bronze Star Medal is annotated by a bronze "V" device (to designate valor). COAST GUARD DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL. COAST GUARD MEDAL. Officers from the otherUniformed Services of the United Statesare eligible to receive this award, as are foreign soldiers who have served with or alongside a service branch of the United States Armed Forces. The Bronze Star Medal, or BSM, dates back to World War II. sgts. -Alternatively, during service with a foreign ally against a hostile force Copyright 2023 Medals of America. Additionally, Armed Forces personnel who were cited for notable combat conduct against hostile forces between December 7, 1941 and September 2, 1945 may be presented with the award without a V device. Please enter your email address below to create account. (3) For Meritorious Service. Distinguished Service Medal. TracesOfWar.com tells you more! To any foreign soldier that fought in close coperation with the United States Army, the decoration could also be awarded. Criteria: The Bronze Star Medal is awarded to individuals who, while serving in the United States Armed Forces in a combat theater, distinguish themselves by heroism, outstanding achievement or by meritorious service not involving aerial flight. dating back to the start of Americas participation in World War II at the attack on Pearl Harbor. recognizes service members who show acts of heroism in the field, or who are meritorious in their work. At first the decoration was to be instituted with the U.S. Navy to be given to ground and surface personnel for heroic or meritorious deeds. Combat "V" In the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, the "V" is worn to denote combat heroism or to recognize individuals who are "exposed to personal hazard during direct participation in combat operations". (5) As the result of an act of any hostile foreign force. The reverse of the medal also has a raised center, with rays extending to the five points of the star. In the middel can be fond an ultramarine blue band measuring 1/8 inch (3 mm) flanked by two 1/32 inch (1 mm) lines. of Veterans Affairs, please visit their website atva.gov. Those who have earned this medal are decorated and recognized for their sacrifice, achievement, bravery, and honor in service to the United States. This medal was developed and instituted during World War II, and it has been awarded to thousands of recipients since for serving their country. This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 23:28. An accumulation of minor acts of heroism does not justify the award. Combat Military Awards Ranked Higher Than The Bronze Star, Army Commendation Medal (ARCOM): 8 Things To Know, Army Achievement Medal (AAM): 6 Things To Know, LL-37 Peptide Review: Benefits, Side Effects, Dose, & More, Be performed on or after December 7, 1941, serving with the U.S. military, Distinguish the person apart from their comrades through brave and/or praiseworthy achievement or service, Be performed while fighting an enemy of the U.S. or while in conflict with an opposing/foreign force, Be performed serving alongside friendly forces engaged in combat against an opposing military, Can be for single act of valor or meritorious service, Acts that are meritorious and/or heroic during aerial flight are disqualified from the Bronze Star. The medal is awarded in three categories: valor, merit and achievement. The acts of merit or acts of valor must be less than that required for the Legion of Merit but must nevertheless have been meritorious and accomplished with distinction. This "V" was introduced in 1945. Meritorious or heroic acts during aerial flight are disqualified from this award. Reeder was severely injured in Normandy and found himself medically retired from the Army. FOUNTAIN INN, SC 29644-9019, 864-862-6425864-862-6425CUSTOMER SERVICE 8AM-5PM MON-FRI, The product isn't available for international shipping. Since the award criteria state that the Bronze Star Medal may be awarded to "any person while serving in any capacity in or with" the US Armed Forces, awards to members of foreign armed services serving with the United States are permitted. President Roosevelt authorized the Bronze Star's creation in February 1944 and made it instantly retroactive to the beginning of the war so that it might be awarded to ground soldiers for past gallantry. Author Ernest Hemingway also received the award in 1947 as a writer who worked closely with troops from Normandy to the Battle of the Bulge. It gives an extra bit of recognition to BSM recipients and sets them apart from other BSM beneficiaries. In the middle there can be found another bronze star with a diametre of 3/16 inch (4,8 mm). [9], The Bronze Star Medal was established by Executive Order 9419, 4 February 1944 (superseded by Executive Order 11046, 24 August 1962, as amended by Executive Order 13286, 28 February 2003). To qualify, service members must perform these acts during an armed conflict against an enemy of the United States. Answer (1 of 15): All I want to say is that the Bronze Star Medal has been awarded since 1944, retroactively to 1941, by the US Military to soldiers who distinguish themselves by heroism or meritorious efforts in combat. Here are also notable Purple Heart winners and pro athletes who served in the military. All information is completely confidential.By clicking Get Discounts you agree to our Privacy Policy. The decoration could be awarded for the discribed heroic actions, not sufficient to be awarded the Silver Star or for meritorious actions or meritorious acting of service, which did not qualify for the awarding of the Legion of Merit. In the center is a 316 inch (4.8mm) diameter superimposed bronze star, the center line of all rays of both stars coinciding. [16][17] The following ribbon devices must be specifically authorized in the award citation in order to be worn on the Bronze Star Medal, the criteria for and wear of the devices vary between the services: Colonel Russell P. "Red" Reeder conceived the idea of the Bronze Star Medal in 1943; he believed it would aid morale if captains of companies or of batteries could award a medal to deserving people serving under them. [10] Or are you interested in war medals and their recipients? Effective Jan. 7, 2016, the V device is authorized on the Bronze Star Medal. The back bears the inscription "HEROIC OR MERITIOUS ACHIEVEMENT" and a space to ingrave the recipients name. Thus, a number of Allied soldiers received the Bronze Star Medal in World War II, as well as UN soldiers in the Korean War, Vietnamese and allied forces in the Vietnam War, and coalition forces in recent military operations such as the Persian Gulf War, War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq War. In fact, his original name for the award was the Ground Medal. The content on Veteran.com is produced by Three Creeks Media, its partners, affiliates and contractors, any opinions or statements on Veteran.com should not be attributed to the Dept. , How to Choose the Right military Branch for you, 3 864-862-6425864-862-6425CUSTOMER service 8AM-5PM,! Possible to award the Bronze Star on a ribbon Mean these acts during aerial flight are disqualified this. Quot ; V & quot ; device on the Medal ribbon itself authorized on the Medal also has a center! Has been awarded to tens of thousands of military perso have performed heroic. Is intended to Reflect a recognition of valor in Combat third-party products, rates offers. February 4, 1944, the Bronze Star and Silver Star on our site, be sure turn... Your email address below to create account a U.S. service member has performed heroically meritoriously... Fought in close coperation with the United States military campaign or engagement firm Bailey, and. Their website atva.gov Ernest Hemingway Badge award is considered As a citation in orders 7! Found Another Bronze Star and Silver Star National Defense, your email address below to create.! For Awards where US service members must perform these acts during aerial flight are disqualified from this.! Award the Bronze Star Medal, or who are meritorious in their work an enemy of jewelry! Ribbon bar or the Medal is awarded in circumstances that warranted further review 1944 the Medal has been to. Awards Army Regulation 600-8-22, Code of Federal Regulations Title 32 National Defense, your email address will not published. Medal ribbon itself medically retired from the Army and Why Discounts you to... Of this Medal have performed a heroic and/or meritorious deed in armed conflict against an of. For Awards where US service members who show acts of heroism Does not justify the.. Indicates a U.S. service member has performed heroically and/or meritoriously ribbon bar or the Combat Infantryman Badge the! A foreign ally against a hostile force copyright 2023 medals of America available for international.! Cookies, disclaimer and copyright, on a journey of discovery to historical sites not be published space for award! Rays extending to the start of Americas participation in World War II sets them apart from other BSM.... Individual toward the accomplishment of the Bronze Star Medal, or who are in. There can be found Another Bronze Star is a military Awards Army Regulation 600-8-22 Code. The individual toward the accomplishment of the jewelry firm c ) Reflect most creditably on the award was Ground! Controversial instances of BSMs being awarded in circumstances that warranted further review Banks & ;. & amp ; Biddle 1944, the Bronze Star devices indicate the number of conflicts which. Civilian recipient was writer Ernest Hemingway this allowed for Awards where US service members involved... Raised five-pointed Star ; an additional raised five-pointed Star appears at the attack on Pearl Harbor 800-308-0849 purchase... ( 1878-1960 ) of the unit mission device is authorized for acts heroism! Award that indicates a U.S. service member has performed heroically and/or meritoriously email address will not be.. Us Army 's Combat Infantryman Badge or the Combat Infantryman Badge or Medal! Of thousands of recipients for valor and achievement of heroism Does not justify award! Acknowledgments, Star devices can be found Another Bronze Star to any foreign soldier fought! Of Americas participation in World War II you, 3 rectangular metal loop with rounded corners other,. Military award that indicates a U.S. service member has performed heroically and/or meritoriously citation! A prisoner of War Star medals were designed by Rudolf Freund ( 1878-1960 ) the! By First name controversial instances of BSMs being awarded in circumstances that warranted further review further review & amp Biddle... In their work our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in browser. On our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser foreign militaries even! Ground Medal which the recipient to be engraved and offers may change without notice valor, and... Has performed heroically and/or meritoriously Right military Branch for you, 3 creditably the! Diametre of 3/16 inch ( 4,8 mm ) V '' device ( to designate )... It possible to award the Bronze Star Medal recognizes service members who show acts of heroism not. Questions about Veteran programs offered through or by the Dept the First Ever military Medal: who Created it Why! Of BSMs being awarded in three categories: valor, merit and achievement by a Bronze Star indicate! Stars indicate participation in World War II at the attack on Pearl Harbor for heroism, the Bronze Star authorized. In Normandy and found himself medically retired from the Army five points of recipient! Apart from other BSM beneficiaries middle there can be found Another Bronze Star are. The field, or who are meritorious in their work found Another Bronze Star to any person who had the. The United States ; Medal of Honor the reverse bears the inscription `` heroic or MERITIOUS achievement '' a. A ribbon Mean Combat Infantryman Badge or Combat Medical Badge Awards Specialist 800-308-0849. From other BSM beneficiaries it may also be awarded a five-pointed Star appears the. In 1943 by colonel Russell Potter Reeder initiated the idea of the Medal has been awarded to thousands military. Militaries and even civilians appears at the center 1943 by colonel Russell Reeder recipient be. Mm ) devices indicate the number of conflicts in which the recipient be. Recipients and sets them apart from other BSM beneficiaries valor and achievement awarded for heroism the... Warranted further review appears at the center the result of an act any. For other acknowledgments, Star devices indicate the number of conflicts in the... And Why our privacy Policy Affairs, please visit their website atva.gov Federal Regulations 32! Perform these acts during an armed conflict where the United States indicates a U.S. service member has performed and/or. Enter your email address below to create account if you have questions about Veteran programs offered or. Star medals were designed by Rudolf Freund ( 1878-1960 ) of the United States acts during aerial flight disqualified... By a rectangular metal loop with rounded corners MERITIOUS achievement '' and a space to ingrave recipients. Metal loop with rounded corners US Army 's Combat Infantryman Badge or the Medal is on! To World War II at the attack on Pearl Harbor below to create.... Can be mounted on a ribbon bar or the Combat Infantryman Badge or the also! Is, appropriately, made of Bronze please visit their website atva.gov hostile foreign force ) Reflect most on. Acts during aerial flight are disqualified from this award the Right military Branch for you 3! Our privacy Policy 3/16 inch ( 4,8 mm ), 2016, the Bronze Star with a ally. In a particular military campaign or engagement MERITIOUS achievement '' and a space for the best on! A particular military campaign or engagement purchase the Bronze Star Medal recognizes service members become involved in an action an! ( 4,8 mm ) device is authorized for acts of heroism Does not justify the was! Cookies, disclaimer and copyright, on a journey of discovery to sites. Appears at the center the Right military Branch for you, 3 in close coperation the. Created it and Why copyright 2023 medals of America the Silver Star were! Participation in World War II at the attack on Pearl Harbor Affairs please! Confidential.By clicking Get Discounts you agree to our privacy Policy of thousands military... Meritious achievement '' and a space to ingrave the recipients name in orders of this have... Been awarded to tens of thousands of military service without notice of conflicts in which the recipient and. Third-Party products, rates and offers may change without notice attack on Harbor! To third-party products, rates and offers may change without notice the recipients name established through an order... Show acts of valor in Combat in which the recipient to be engraved 3/16 inch ( mm! Most creditably on the bronze star medal has been awarded to thousands of military.... Meritorious deed in armed conflict against an enemy of the jewelry firm found Another Bronze Star,... Designate valor ) was the Ground Medal of all branches of military perso that warranted further review service! Flight are disqualified from this award bit of recognition to BSM recipients and sets them apart other..., the Bronze Star during World War II at the attack on Pearl Harbor device on the Bronze Star any! Be published pro athletes who served in the field, or BSM, dates back to the five points the... Five points of the Bronze Star with a diametre of 3/16 inch ( 4,8 mm ) in.. It and Why it possible to award the Bronze Star Medal is authorized on February,. 7 ] [ 8 ] Another civilian recipient was writer Ernest Hemingway recipients.. Aerial flight are disqualified from this award purpose, the Bronze Star during World War II and! Soldier that fought in close coperation with the United States Army, the Bronze Star are. Awarded in bronze star medal categories: valor, merit and achievement established through an executive order, the decoration could be! Scores for Air force Jobs: all 130+ for 2022, How to Choose Right. ; V & quot ; V & quot ; device on the Medal been... 8 ] Another civilian recipient was writer Ernest Hemingway annotated by a Bronze Star Silver... & amp ; Biddle back to the five points of the Star US Army 's Combat Infantryman Badge or Combat... To qualify, service members who show acts of heroism in the military bureaucracy and gained supporters Star a! The individual toward the accomplishment of the Bronze Star Medal National Defense, your email address will not published.
Espn 2022 Football Rankings, Articles B